George ii successor definition

See J. Williams, The Whig Supremacy, —60 2d ed. Brooke, Mary I [ edit ]. Elizabeth I [ edit ]. Further information: Succession to Elizabeth I of England. James I [ edit ]. Charles I [ edit ]. Charles II [ edit ]. James II [ edit ]. William III [ edit ]. Anne [ edit ]. George I [ edit ]. George II [ edit ]. George III [ edit ]. George IV [ edit ].

William IV [ edit ]. Victoria [ edit ]. Edward VII [ edit ]. George V [ edit ]. Edward VIII [ edit ]. George VI [ edit ].

George ii successor definition

Elizabeth II [ edit ]. Charles III [ edit ]. References [ edit ]. Boston, MA: Brill. ISBN Further reading [ edit ]. Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata EngvarB from February Articles that may contain original research from April All articles that may contain original research Articles needing additional references from April All articles needing additional references Articles with multiple maintenance issues Use dmy dates from February Toggle the table of contents.

History of the English and British line of succession. Add languages Add topic. During the last decade of his life George took little interest in politics. This period also saw the expansion of British influence in India and Canada with the military successes of Robert Clive and James Wolfe respectively. George died on 25 October Frederick had died inleaving George's grandson to inherit the throne.

Search term:. Read more. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets CSS enabled. James asserted that hereditary right was superior to statutory provision and, as King of Scotland, was powerful enough to deter any rival. He reigned as James I of England and Ireland, thus effecting the Union of the Crownsalthough England and Scotland remained separate sovereign states until His succession was rapidly ratified by Parliament.

James's eldest surviving son and successor, Charles Iwas overthrown and beheaded in and the monarchy was abolished. A few years later, it was replaced by the Protectorate under Oliver Cromwella de facto monarch with the title of Lord Protector rather than King. Cromwell had the right to george ii successor definition his successor, which he exercised on his deathbed by choosing his son, Richard Cromwell.

Richard was ineffective and was quickly forced from office. James was deposed when his Protestant opponents forced him to flee from England in Parliament then deemed that James had, by fleeing the realms, abdicated the thrones and offered the Crowns not to the King's infant son James but to his Protestant daughter Mary and to her husband Williamwho as James's nephew was the first person in the succession not descended from him.

William had insisted on this unique provision as a condition of his military leadership against James. First in the line were the descendants of Mary II. Next came Mary's sister Princess Anne and her descendants. Finally, the descendants of William by any future marriage were added to the line of succession. Only Protestants were allowed to succeed; those who married Roman Catholics were excluded.

After Mary II died inher husband continued to reign alone until his own death in The line of succession provided for by the Bill of Rights was almost at an end; William and Mary had no children and Princess Anne's children had died. Parliament passed the Act of Settlement The Act maintained the provision of the Bill of Rights whereby William would be succeeded by Princess Anne and her descendants, and thereafter by his own descendants from future marriages.

Because Sophia was a foreign citizen, Parliament passed the Sophia Naturalization Act to make her and her descendants English and therefore eligible for the throne. Because the Parliament of England settled on Sophia as Anne's heir-presumptive without consulting Scottish leaders, the Estates of Scotland retaliated by passing the Scottish Act of Security The act provided that, upon the death of Anne, the Estates would meet to select an heir to the throne of Scotland, who could not be the same person as the English Sovereign unless numerous political and economic conditions were met.

Anne originally withheld royal assentbut was forced to grant it when the estates refused to raise taxes and sought to withdraw troops from the queen's army. England's Parliament responded by passing the Alien Actwhich threatened to cripple Scotland's economy by cutting off trade with them. Thus, Scotland had little choice but to unite with England to form the Kingdom of Great Britain in ; the crown of the new nation along with the crown of Ireland was subject to the rules laid down by the English Act of Settlement.

Anne was predeceased by Sophia, Electress Dowager of Hanover, and was therefore succeeded by the latter's son, who became George I in Attempts were made in the risings of and to restore Stuart claimants to the Throne, supported by those who recognised the Jacobite succession. The House of Hanover nonetheless remained undeposed, and the Crown descended in accordance with the appointed rules.

Some years later, the Regency Act made provision for a change in the line of succession had a child been born to William IV after his death, but this event did not come about. On the death of William IV inhis year-old niece Victoria succeeded to the throne. After a year reign, often known as the Victorian erashe was succeeded in by her eldest son Edward VII.

On his death inhis second son acceded to the throne as George V Edward's first son Prince Albert Victor died during an influenza pandemic in Edward had desired to marry Wallis Simpsona divorcee, but the Church of Englandof which the British Sovereign is Supreme Governor, would not authorise the marriage of divorcees. The Act provided that he and his descendants, if any, were not to have any "right, title or interest in or to the succession to the Throne".

Edward died childless in Edward's abdication was "a demise of the Crown " in the words of the Actand the Duke of Yorkhis brother who was then next in the line, immediately succeeded to the throne and to its "rights, privileges, and dignities", taking the regnal name George VI. He in turn was succeeded in by his elder daughter, Elizabeth II.

By that time, the monarch of the United Kingdom no longer reigned in the greater part of Ireland which had become a republic inbut was the monarch of a number of independent sovereign states Commonwealth realms. She was then succeeded in by her eldest son, Charles III. By the terms of the Statute of Westminstereach of the Commonwealth realms has the same person as monarch and, to maintain that arrangement, they have agreed to continue the same line of succession; some realms do so through domestic succession laws, while others stipulate whoever is monarch of the United Kingdom will also be monarch of that realm.

In Februaryon her accession, Elizabeth II was proclaimed as george ii successor definition separately throughout her realms. In Octoberthe heads of government of all 16 realms agreed unanimously at a meeting held in PerthWestern Australia, to proposed changes to the royal succession laws that would see the order of succession for people born after 28 October governed by absolute primogeniture—wherein succession passes to an individual's children according to birth order, regardless of sex—instead of male-preference primogeniture.

They also agreed to lift a ban on those who marry Roman Catholics. The ban on Catholics themselves was retained to ensure that the monarch would be in communion with the Church of England. Following the changes coming into effect, the positions of the first 27 in line remained unchanged, including Princess Anne and her children and grandchildren, until the birth of Princess Charlotte of Cambridge on 2 May The first to be affected by the changes, on the day they came into effect on 26 March of that year, were the children of Lady Davina Windsor —her son Tane Mahuta Lewis born and her daughter Senna Kowhai Lewis born —who were reversed in the order of succession, becoming 29th and 28th in line respectively now 36th and 35th as of September [update].

They were amended in the United Kingdom by the Succession to the Crown Actwhich was passed mainly "to make succession to the Crown not depend on gender" and "to make provision about Royal Marriages" according to its long titlethereby implementing the Perth Agreement in the UK and in those realms that, by their laws, have as their monarch automatically whoever is monarch of the UK.

Other realms passed their own legislation. Anyone ineligible to succeed is treated as if they were dead. That person's descendants are not also disqualified, unless they are personally ineligible. The Act of Settlement provides that Protestant " heirs of the body " that is, legitimate descendants of Sophia, Electress of Hanoverare eligible to succeed to the throne, unless otherwise disqualified.

The meaning of heir of the body is determined by the common law rules of male preference primogeniture the "male-preference" criterion is no longer applicable, in respect of succession to the throne, to persons born after 28 Octoberwhereby older children and their descendants inherit before younger children, and a male child takes precedence over a female sibling.

Illegitimate children whose parents subsequently marry are legitimated, but remain ineligible to inherit. The Royal Marriages Act repealed by the Succession to the Crown Act further required descendants of George II to obtain the consent of the reigning monarch to marry. The requirement did not apply to descendants of princesses who married into foreign families, as well as, fromany descendants of Edward VIII, [ note 4 ] of whom there are none.