Norazman shah ismail biography

Alumni have gone on to successful careers in academia and industry. Discover the full list of my final year undergraduate students. Associate Professor Ts Dr. Nor Azman Ismail. Full biography and CV. Recent Publication. Professional Activities. Yang Fan PhD Candidate. A mutiny among his troops, fearing a counterattack and entrapment by fresh Safavid forces called in from the interior, forced the triumphant Ottomans to withdraw prematurely.

This allowed Ismail to recover. Among the booty from Tabriz was Ismail's favorite wife, for whose release the Sultan demanded huge concessions, which were refused. Despite his defeat at the Battle of Chaldiran, Ismail quickly recovered most of his kingdom, from east of the Lake Van to the Persian Gulf. However, the Ottomans managed to annex for the first time Eastern Anatolia and parts of Mesopotamiaas well as briefly northwestern Iran.

The Venetian ambassador Caterino Zeno describes the events as follows:. The monarch [Selim], seeing the slaughter, began to retreat, and to turn about, and was about to fly, when Sinan, coming to the rescue at the time of need, caused the artillery to be brought up and fired on both the janissaries [sic] and the Persians. The Persian horses hearing the thunder of those infernal machines, scattered and divided themselves over the plain, not obeying their riders bit or norazman shah ismail biography anymore, from the terror they were in It is certainly said, that if it had not been for the artillery, which terrified in the manner related the Persian horses which had never before heard such a din, all his forces would have been routed and put to edge of the sword.

If the Turks had been beaten in the battle of Chaldiran, the power of Ismail would have become greater than that of Tamerlane, as by the fame alone of such a victory he would have made himself absolute lord of the East. Shah Ismail's death ensued after a few years of a very saddening and depressing period of his life. After the Battle of ChaldiranIsmail lost his supernatural air and the aura of invincibility, gradually falling into heavy drinking.

This allowed Mirza Shah Husayn to gain influence and expand his authority. Ismail died on 23 May aged 36 and was buried in Ardabil. He was succeeded by his son Tahmasp I. The consequences of the defeat at Chaldiran were also psychological for Ismail; his relationships with the Qizilbash followers were fundamentally altered. During Ismail's reign, mainly in the late s, the first steps for the Habsburg—Persian alliance were taken with Charles V and Ludwig II of Hungary being in contact with a view of combining against the common Ottoman Turkish enemy.

From an early age, Ismail was acquainted with the Iranian cultural legacy. Ismail's expertise in Persian poetic tales such as the Shahnamehhelped him to represent himself as the heir to the Iranian model of kingship. From an Iranian perspective, Afrasiyab's kingdom of Turan was commonly identified with the land of the Turks, in particular with the Uzbek Khanate of Bukhara in Central Asia.

After Ismail defeated the Uzbeks, his victory was portrayed in Safavid records as a victory over the mythological Turanians. Regardless of its increasing differences, Western, Central, and South Asia all followed a common Persianate model of culture and kingship. Before his defeat at Chaldiran inIsmail not only identified himself as the reincarnation of Alid figures such as Ali and Husaynbut also as the personification of the divine light of investiture farr that had radiated in the ancient Iranian shahs DariusKhosrow I Anushirvan r.

This was a typical Safavid combination of Islamic and pre-Islamic Iranian motifs. They likewise included Turco-Mongolian titles such as khan and bahadur to their growing collection of titles. The cultural aspects of the Safavids soon became even more numerous, as Ismail and his successors included and promoted KurdsArabsGeorgiansCircassiansand Armenians into their imperial program.

Ismail is considered an important figure in the literary history of Azerbaijani language. He was also deeply influenced by the Persian literary tradition of Iran, particularly by the Shahnameh of Ferdowsiwhich probably explains the fact that he named all of his sons after Shahnameh -characters. Although the epic was left unfinished, it was an example of mathnawis in the heroic style of the Shahnameh written later on for the Safavid kings.

Most of the poems are concerned with love—particularly of the mystical Sufi kind—though there are also poems propagating Shi'i doctrine and Safavi politics. His work is most popular in Azerbaijan, as well as among the Bektashis of Turkey. Examples of his poems are: [ 84 ] [ 85 ]. Today I have come to the world as a Master. Know truly that I am Haydar's son.

I am FereydunKhosrowJamshidand Zahak. I am Zal 's son Rostam and Alexander. The mystery of I am the truth is hidden in this my heart. I am the Absolute Truth and what I say is Truth. I belong to the religion of the "Adherent of the Ali" and on the Shah's path I am a guide to every one who says: "I am a Muslim. I am the signet-ring on Sulayman 's finger.

Muhammad is made of light, Ali of Mystery. I am a pearl in the sea of Absolute Reality.

Norazman shah ismail biography

I am Khatai, the Shah's slave full of shortcomings. At thy gate I am the smallest and the last [servant]. I am God's mystery. Be sure that I am of Haydarian essence. I am the living Khidr and Jesus, son of Mary. I am the Alexander of my contemporaries. In me is Prophethood and the mystery of Holiness. I have conquered the world at the point of my sword.

I am the Qanbar of Murtaza 'Ali. Truly I am the Ja'far of the audacious. From Pir Sultan Abdal : He makes a march against Urum The Imam of Ali's descent is coming I bow down and kissed his Hand The Imam of Ali's descent is coming He fills the cups step by step In his stable only noble Arab horses His ancestry, he is the son of the Shah The Imam of Ali's descent is coming The fields are marked step by step His rival makes his heart aching Red-green is the young warrior dressed The Imam of Ali's descent is coming He lets him seen often on the field No one knows the secret of the saviour Shah of the world goodman Haydar's grandson The Imam of Ali's descent is coming Pir Sultan Abdal, I am, if i could see this Submit my self, if I could wipe my face at him From ere he is the leader of the 12 Imams The Imam of Ali's descent is coming.

An important feature of the Safavid society was the alliance that emerged between the ulama the religious class and the merchant community. The latter included merchants trading in the bazaars, the trade and artisan guilds asnaf and members of the quasi-religious organizations run by dervishes futuvva. Because of the relative insecurity of property ownership in Persia, many private landowners secured their lands by donating them to the clergy as so-called vaqf.

They would thus retain the official ownership and secure their land from being confiscated by royal commissioners or local governors, as long as a percentage of the revenues from the land went to the ulama. Increasingly, members of the religious class, particularly the mujtahids and the seyyedsgained full ownership of these lands, and, according to contemporary historian Iskandar MunshiPersia started to witness the emergence of a new and significant group of landowners.

Ismail was described by contemporaries as having a regal appearance, gentlemanly in quality and youthfulness. He also had a fair complexion and red hair. This Sophi is fair, handsome, and very pleasing; not very tall, but of a light and well-framed figure; rather stout than slight, with broad shoulders. His hair is reddish; he only wears moustachios, and uses his left hand instead of his right.

He is as brave as a game cock, and stronger than any of his lords; in the archery contests, out of the ten apples that are knocked down, he knocks down seven. Ismail's greatest legacy was establishing an empire which lasted over years. As Alexander Mikaberidze states, "The Safavid dynasty would rule for two more centuries [after Ismail's death] and establish the basis for the modern-nation state of Iran.

In the Safavid period, the famous Azeri folk romance Shah Ismail emerged. But it is also possible that it is dedicated to Ismail II. Shah Ismayil is the name of an Azerbaijani mugham opera in 6 acts and 7 scenes composed by Muslim Magomayev[ 93 ] in — Shah Ismail Order the highest Azerbaijani military award presented by the Commander-in-chief and President of Azerbaijan.

Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read View source View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikidata item. Shah of Safavid Iran from to Portrait of Shah Ismail I. Inscribed "Ismael Sophy Rex Pers ". Painted by the Italian painter Cristofano dell'Altissimo between and Housed at the UffiziFlorence.

See list. See also: Safavid dynasty and Safavid dynasty family tree. Conquest of Iran and its surroundings. Especially during Safavid era, when most of the pillars of power were Qizilbashan and Sufis, whose knowledge of Islam was not very deep and they were interested in stories and hearing the mind-boggling stories and transcendental events of religious and Sufism elders.

Sumer, ; Therefore, before Safavid gained power, their elders were looking for a work in which the mentioned role would be prominent and a mission statement for the unity and alliance and encouragement of primitive tribes to gather their allies around a single axis by taking revenge on the opponents. On the other hand, dreams were one of the best tools that were effective for the companions of Sufism from a long time ago.

This fact is supported by the existence of many virtues that are listed in mystical and Sufi books and have been emphasized many times in the dreams of Shah Ismail's ancestor, Sheikh Safiuddin. Pirzadeh, ; Also, in Safvat as-safa, in many chapters, the anecdotes and virtues of Sheikh are mentioned, like how the Prophet peace be upon him asked Sheikh to care about disciples in dreams, and how the Sheikh saved the needy from many dangers.

Ibn Bazzaz Ardabili, ; Zarrinkoob; ; As before, the chanters of the virtues were in charge of this role in the 6th century. Qazvini, ; The book Selselat al-Nasab Safavid is full of stories that Safavid elders had to prepare themselves to guide Shiites according to a dream. Pirzadeh; ibid, Jahangushay Khaqan and Tarikh-e Alam-ara-ye Safavid, although they are historical works in telling the story of Shah Ismail, but they have tried to bring the common people and Sufi listeners along with them and use them for the expansion of Shia thought by creating a Shia discourse and benefiting from the dream.

For example, in the defeated discourse in which it is impossible to confront the ruling and dominant discourse in the real world, the only way is dreams that cause the transfer of power from Imam Ali peace be upon himto Abu Muslim; Tabrizin is made of steel, which is reminiscent of Zulfiqar and the famous war tool of the Shiite Imam, with which he decapitated infidels and opponents.

As in the desert, the sword of rebellion was tied to Shah Ismail's waist Alam-ara-ye Safavi, ; 64 and this shows the belief that the rebel and savior has the support of the spiritual and religious power of Imams. Thank God that the meeting you was possible and now the good news is that the kingdom of Khorasan and the tiger's life are in your hands!

Abu Muslim ordered Tabrizin, which was 90 kilograms, to a blacksmith named Khordak to "destroy the enemies and build a hell for them"" with it. As the blacksmith despaired of making it, his father appeared to him in a dream and emphasized that with this Tabrizin, Marwanids are going to be wiped off from the earth. Then he leads his son to the rusted steel that he bought from an Arab camel rider for a thousand dinars; a steel that he could not make anything with, and he saw in real at night that a person wearing green and bright told him that this steel belongs to Zulfiqar of Imam Ali.

Know that the owner of this steel is Abdul Rahman. Break the threshold of the house and that steel is in that cellar. Take it and see its power. The same thing happens to Shah Ismail, who in his dream world has a sword tied around his waist and a crown placed on his head to become a promoter of the right religion, according to Sheikh Zahed Gilani.

Pirzadeh, ibid; 32 As Abu Muslim heard the re-emphasis of this norazman shah ismail biography from another of his companions named "Ishaq Kondeh Shekan", he becomes certain that "the words of Amir al-Mu'minin should not be contradicted"; Tarsusi, ibid. The influence of this proposition can be seen in Jahangushay Khaqan, the narration of the biography of Shah Ismail; when Ismail was in the moment of doubt and ambivalence and fear of the multitude of opponents and in the dream world, Amir al-Mu'minin asked him not to "concern his mind" and to formalize the Shia religion.

Jahangushay Khaqan, ibid. Ignorance is a factor that causes discourse conflict. Tarsusi, ibid. Ibid; 2, 98 The history of Safavid dynasty is full of incidents in which Qizilbashan tried to promote this matter with consent or by striking the sword and bring the society to the awareness they wanted, and most likely these methods were the influence of the stories they had heard many times.

Expansion of awareness is one of the tasks of the story, which the narrator tries to show by citing examples, the discourse confrontation in the society and how it causes group identity; an identity that causes unity and finally overcomes the opponent. The link between history and story is an important point that is investigated and analyzed in this article due to the commonality of its constituent factors which are incident and character.

Especially, because Qizilbashan and the followers of the young king had a strong desire to hear and tell the story, which was due to the social and cultural position in which this dynasty was fertilized and nurtured. The ascetic approach of Sufis, that Safavid themselves were from this group, led them to seek profit from the story in order to achieve the purification of morals and the reform of the people and ultimately their goals.

The interest of Sufis, especially Safavid elders, was such that they were ridiculed by the opponents; but by benefiting from this literary format and following the example of the popular hero who was written a few centuries ago and pursuing common goals with them, they were able to bring the mass of people with them by emphasizing the similarities of the young king with the hero of this literary epic.

Moreover, this issue led to overcome the opponents by stimulating people on the one hand and uniting the forces on the other hand. The amazing similarities between these two historical and fictional characters are so wide that while writing books describing the bravery of the young Shah and considering his heroism, he won over his opponents and founded one of the most important dynasties of recent centuries.

However, in the middle of this government, due to the dominance of another discourse called elders and Sharia, this discourse was marginalized and one of its powerful foundations was weakened and perhaps caused its downfall. In conclusion, it should be stated that it is not possible to know a person or a dynasty except by knowing the hidden layers of its foundation.

One of the famous dynasties in the past centuries, Safavid dynasty, had a great impact on the future of Iran. However, comprehending the causes of the formation of influential people and the factors of establishing and stabilizing and benefiting the first rulers to achieve their goals was one of the most important concerns of this research.

In this regard, by realizing the description, interpretation and analysis of the similarities of these two norazman shahs ismail biography, the conclusion was reached that the first Qizilbashan and rulers, with the necessary knowledge and understanding of their environment and time, were able to benefit from one of the literary formats in the best way to advance their goals and were successful.

Electronic version. Fairclough, N. Association of National Artworks, Toggle navigation. Naseri, Moslem. Moslem Naseri. University of Religions and Denominations. The amazing similarities of these two characters indicate the influence of Tarsusi's narration at the beginning of Safavid rule. Discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe is suitable for the analysis of literary and fictional works, which by taking the advantage of this discourse theory as well as the knowledge of semiotics, the hidden layers of politics, religion and the relationship between them while analyzing classical literary texts can be represent.

Moreover, by presenting a suitable model, it is possible to illustrate how and to what extent the exchange of political power and literary narratives was. Mirsadeghi;64 The tale is the product of the author's imagination and the history is taken from the real world; however, these two issues share the same incident and character. Literature review Researchers have written many articles about the various economic, cultural, political, military and bio-social aspects of the Safavid dynasty and each of them have paid attention to this government from a different point of view.

Theoretical framework and method Discourse semiotics To analyze a literary and fictional work, three stages should be considered. Nasseri;According to Laclau and Mouffe's norazman shah ismail biography, every action and phenomenon must be meaningful in order to become a discourse; because social phenomena and activities become understandable when they are placed in a specific discourse format; in other words, the social world can only be realized in the form of discourse and there is no fundamental fact.

Personal identity and historical aspect of Shah Ismail At the same time as the death of Uzun Hasan, the powerful ruler of Aq Qoyunlu, and the increase in family disputes between emirs and chiefs over succession and gaining power, the daughter of Uzun Hasan Shah Ismail's mother who was in prison with her sons, was able to gain the consent of Rostam Beyg, the ruler of Fars.

Qassimi Gonabadi, ; 52 After living secretly in Gilan for five years, under the pretext of visiting his grandfather's grave in Ardabil - in fact, to avenge the blood of his grandfather and his father from the enemies and gain power - he left Gilan. Sumer, ; Therefore, before Safavid gained power, their elders were looking for a work in which the mentioned role would be prominent and a mission statement for the unity and alliance and encouragement of primitive tribes to gather their allies around a single axis by taking revenge on the opponents.

Conclusion The link between history and story is an important point that is investigated and analyzed in this article due to the commonality of its constituent factors which are incident and character. Refer to the third chapter of this book. Faculty of Shia Studies.